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Cancer

Rectal prolapse in adults

March 7, 2023 by Dr. Harsh J Shah – Pancreas, Liver, Gastro & Cancer Surgeon Leave a Comment

rectal prolapse
English
हिंदी
ગુજરાતી
What is rectal prolapse?
Rectal prolapse in adults may be a rare condition that happens when some or all of the tissue that lines the rectum sticks out of the anus. (The rectum is the lower part of the large intestine.) Rectal prolapse is commonest in older women but can happen in men and women of all ages.
What causes rectal prolapse in adults?

Women who have had more than one baby by vaginal birth are more likely to get rectal prolapse. Other health conditions which will make rectal prolapse more likely include:

  • Long-term bowel problems such as:
  •  Constipation – this suggests your bowel movements are too hard or small, difficult to get out, and happen fewer than 3 times per week.
  •  Straining during bowel movements
  • Diarrhoea – this suggests your bowel movements are watery or runny and happen quite 3 times every day.
  • Problems within the pelvic area, including weak muscles or a history of pelvic surgery.
What are the symptoms of rectal prolapse in adults?

The main symptom is bright red tissue sticking out of the anus. The tissue might have mucus or blood on it. Rectal prolapse isn’t usually painful but may be uncomfortable. The tissue might stay outside the anus or move back inside the body.

Other symptoms include:

  • Trouble starting a bowel movement
  • Feeling such as you have not fully emptied your bowels
  • Leaking solid or liquid bowel movements (called “fecal incontinence”)
Is there a test for rectal prolapse?

Your Gastroenterologist can also tell if you have the problem by doing an exam. If the tissue has moved back inside your body, your Gastroenterologist might ask you to squat or sit on the toilet to check if the tissue comes back out of your body.

You might need other tests. These tests can also show if you have a different problem. They include:

  • An MRI – This test creates pictures of the within the body.
  • Cystocolpoproctography – For this test, a Gastroenterologist fills your bladder, vagina, and rectum with a substance known as “assessment material” that indicates X-rays. The X-rays show how those parts of your body are functioning.
  • Defecography – This test also uses contrast material in the rectum and takes X-rays while you have a bowel movement.
  • Manometry – This test measures the pressure inside the rectum. It can show if the muscles that control bowel movements are working correctly.
How is rectal prolapse treated?

The treatment depends on how serious your symptoms are and if you have other health problems. Whatever treatment you have, your Gastroenterologist will likely tell you to:

  • Eat foods that have a lot of fiber. excellent choices are fruits, vegetables, prune juice, and cereal (table). you ought to eat between 25 to 30 grams of fiber per day.
  • Drink 4 to eight cups of water or other fluids per day.
  • Operation to correct the problem is usually required. It is done through laparoscopic technique.
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Filed Under: Rectum, Cancer

Rectal Cancer

March 7, 2023 by Dr. Harsh J Shah – Pancreas, Liver, Gastro & Cancer Surgeon Leave a Comment

20. Rectal Cancer eng
English
हिंदी
ગુજરાતી
What is Rectal cancer?
Rectal cancer is cancer that begins in the rectum. The rectum is the last several inches of the large intestine. It starts at the end of the final segment of your colon and ends when it reaches the short, narrow passage leading to the anus.
Cancer inside the rectum (rectal cancer) and cancer inside the colon (colon cancer) are often referred to together as “colorectal cancer.” While rectal and colon cancers are similar in many ways, their treatments are quite different. This is mainly because the rectum sits in a tight space, barely separated from other organs and structures. The tight space can make surgery to remove rectal cancer complex.
In the past, long-term survival was uncommon for people with rectal cancer, even after extensive treatment. Thanks to treatment advances over the last few decades, rectal cancer survival rates have greatly improved.

 

 

What Are the Symptoms Of Rectal Cancer?
Many rectal cancers cause no symptoms at all and are detected during routine screening examinations. The most common symptoms of rectal cancer are a change in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea, narrow shaped stools, or blood in your stool. You may also have pelvic or lower abdominal pain, unexplained weight loss, or feel tired all the time. Other common health problems can cause the same symptoms. Hemorrhoids do not cause rectal cancer but can produce similar symptoms. Anyone with these symptoms should see a doctor to be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Abdominal pain and weight loss are typically late symptoms, indicating possible extensive disease.
What are the types of rectal cancer ?
Most rectal cancers about 95 percent are adenocarcinoma . These tumors typically start as a polyp, or a growth in the lining of the rectum. Polyps may be removed during a colonoscopy.
Other types of rectal cancer include:
– Gastrointestinal stromal tumors
– Carcinoid tumors
– Lymphoma
What are the risk factors for rectal cancer?
The cause of rectal cancer is unknown, but the risk of developing the disease increases with age. People with a family history of colorectal cancer or certain hereditary cancer syndromes have a higher risk. Other known risk factors for rectal cancer include:
  • Smoking
  • Alcohol use
  • Obesity
How is the rectal cancer diagnosed ?
Rectal cancer can be easily diagnosed in a clinic by proctoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. The doctor will usually take a biopsy & sent it to laboratory for pathological examination.
The surgeon may advise a CT scan of the chest & a blood test (CEA) prior to starting the treatment.

 

How is rectal cancer treated ?
Rectal cancer is treated with multimodality approach that is combination of surgery, chemotherapy & radiation therapy.
When detected at a very early stage, the surgeon will recommend surgery followed by chemoradiation (if required).
For tumours that are little advanced, the surgeon will recommend chemoradiation first followed by Surgery. There are two types of rectal surgery : LAR & APR. Your doctor will advise you an operation that is appropriate for you.
 
 
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Filed Under: Rectum, Cancer

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