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Gallstones, Gut Inflammation, and Cancer Risk: What You Should Know

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Gastrointestinal traits, common inflammatory disorders, gallstones, and biliary tract cancer A network Mendelian randomization study.DOI 10.1016j.jare.2025.03.010

Biliary tract cancer is a rare but serious disease. It affects parts of the body that help with digestion, like the gallbladder and bile ducts. Some stomach and gut problems may raise the risk of this cancer, but scientists wanted to know which ones truly cause it.

This study looked at over 600,000 people to explore links between gut problems, gallstones, and cancer risk. The researchers used genetic data to better understand the causes, not just the connections.

They found that people with gallstones, gallbladder infections (cholecystitis), and gallbladder polyps were more likely to get this cancer. Ulcerative colitis, a long-term gut disease, was also linked to higher cancer risk, even in people without gallstones or gallbladder disease.

Other common digestive problems like acid reflux, gastritis, Crohn’s disease, and hepatitis did not seem to increase cancer risk in this study.

If you have gallstones or ulcerative colitis, talk to your doctor about your cancer risk. Keeping track of symptoms and managing your condition can make a difference.

This study helps us understand which gut problems matter most for cancer prevention. More research will help doctors give better care to people at risk.

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Dr. Harsh J Shah

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Dr Harsh Shah - GI & HPB Oncosurgeon in India
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